Commercial speaker types explained: ceiling, wall, pendant and subwoofer

Choosing speakers for a venue is less about brand and more about matching the type of speaker to the room. Here are the main types an AV technician will suggest, and when each makes sense.

Ceiling speakers

Mounted flush in the ceiling, these spread sound evenly downwards and almost disappear visually. They suit cafes, restaurants, shops and offices with a standard ceiling height. Spread several around the room for even coverage.

Wall-mounted (surface) speakers

Box speakers on brackets, aimed into the room. They are easier to install than ceiling speakers in concrete or exposed ceilings, can be aimed precisely, and handle more volume. Common in bars, gyms and spaces with high or unfinished ceilings.

Pendant speakers

Hang from the ceiling on a cable, a little like a light fitting. Ideal for high or exposed industrial ceilings, where ceiling speakers would be too far away. They point sound down from closer to head height.

Subwoofers

Handle the low bass that small speakers cannot. One well-placed subwoofer adds warmth and fullness to background music. Bars and gyms often use them; quiet cafes may not need one. Bass travels through walls, so keep neighbours in mind.

Outdoor speakers

Weather-resistant versions of wall-mounted speakers, with sealed housings and rust-resistant brackets. See our outdoor speakers guide.

Low-impedance or constant-voltage?

Speakers connect to amplifiers in one of two ways. Low-impedance wiring (like home hi-fi) is common for small systems and live sound. Constant-voltage wiring (70 V or 100 V line) lets one amplifier drive many speakers over long cable runs, which is why it is popular for multi-room venues. Your technician will match speakers and amplifiers so they are compatible.

Find an audio technician to plan the right mix for your space.